Fossil Fuels

The combustion of fossil fuels produces carbon dioxide, which is then released into the air. Carbon dioxide has been around for millions of years as part of the natural lifecycle of carbon. When we burn fossil fuels, however, we emit further levels of carbon dioxide, and the total concentration in the atmosphere increases. These increasing levels of carbon dioxide contribute to the greenhouse effect.

Different fossil fuels:

• Petrol
• Diesel
• Natural gas

Biofuels (Renewable Fuels)

Biofuels, unlike fossil fuels, have the advantage that they do not contribute to the greenhouse effect, as they are made from plants. The amount of carbon dioxide emitted during combustion is the same amount that the plant took up before it was harvested.

Different biofuels:

• Ethanol
• Biogas
• Biodiesel

Carbon Monoxide

Carbon monoxide impairs the blood’s uptake of oxygen, which leads to tiredness and concentration difficulties. It can also be fatal in larger doses.

Carbon Dioxide

Carbon dioxide is produced by the combustion of fossil or organic fuels. Carbon dioxide emissions are directly related to fuel combustion. Cars which use more fuel therefore release more carbon dioxide.

Carbon dioxide has an impact on the greenhouse effect. The result of the greenhouse effect is a global increase in the average temperature of the earth, which can have huge consequences for both animals and humans. A temperature change of just a few degrees is enough to knock the whole system out of balance.

Approximately one third of all carbon dioxide emissions in Sweden are caused by road traffic.

Nitric Oxides

Together with hydrocarbons, nitric oxides form the tropospheric ozone layer. These oxides contribute to the acidification of nature and eutrophication of our seas and lakes. They also irritate our mucus membranes and affect our airways.

The Tropospheric Ozone

The tropospheric ozone forms where sunlight meets greenhouse gases. The levels of tropospheric ozone are therefore greatest in the summer months. In the atmosphere, the ozone protects us against harmful radiation from the sun, but at ground level it can be harmful for both animals and plants.

Soot and Particles

Soot and particles can cause respiratory problems and increase the risk of cancer. Soot and particles are one of the biggest problems in built-up areas. These particles are formed by engine combustion and in connection with wear from studded tires.

Noise and Infrasound

Road traffic causes noise and so-called infrasound. Infrasound is a noise that the human ear cannot normally detect, but which nonetheless affects our health. Infrasound and disturbing noises from traffic can disturb our sleep at night, cause insomnia, concentration difficulties, headaches and general tiredness.